... is the potential mix of persons from high and low endemicity areas for certain diseases or contact with a large number of vulnerable persons on board passenger ships including children and elderly persons ...
... and their vectors, such as rodents and arthropods including cockroaches, mites or mosquitoes (1,2). Vector-borne diseases on ships and the implication of spreading the vectors globally by travel and trade ...
... vary. Several longitudinal studies of the epidemiology of illnesses among passengers from medical log books on cruise ships described large outbreaks of Influenza A and B and currently COVID-19. Acute ...
... skin integrity, contaminated items and surfaces and lack of cleanliness (2). As ashore, MRSA is an emerging medical challenge on ships: Outbreaks of community acquired MRSA are reported from day-care ...
... all seamen who had been employed on Danish ships between 1986 and1993 and the National Registry for Notifiable Diseases found that the standardised incidence ratio for hepatitis B Virus infection among ...
... Travel related disease may either result from person-to-person transmission of infectious agents or through vectors such as food, water or mosquitoes on board ships or in ports, as well as from a pre-existing ...
... in workplace based health promotion initiatives as it can be seen as disrupting employer/employee relationships. Fear of empowerment can result in health promotion being limited to health educational initiatives. ...
... other ships, and his own company management. This communication can be clear, concise, and correct or it can be hindered by misunderstandings, language difficulties, and failure of communications equipment. ...
... completed daily diaries while deployed in ships fitted with motion sensors. The physical effects of motion recorded were: Problems carrying and moving things Balance problems Sleep disturbed by ...
... element, as set out in IMO Resolution A.947 (23). This acknowledges ‘the need for increased focus on human-related activities in the safe operation of ships, and the need to achieve and maintain high standards ...