... general, with less focus on the management of a number of clinical conditions as in previous editions. For medical advice on management of clinical conditions at sea, we refer our readers to the International ...
... through normal immigration channels as well as fines attributed to the vessel for landing the stowaway. These costs and expenses, subject to certain conditions, are covered under the vessel’s P&I insurance ...
... of oil, drugs, agricultural products and other goods. Piracy is directly enabled by the socio-economic conditions of coastal states. The presence of weak governments embroiled in political violence, ...
... deaths at sea were 310, plus 467 missing, with deaths rising in 2019.[3] One reason for the rise in fatalities is the increase in extreme weather conditions.[4] Notably, the South China and the East Indies ...
... ship after some time and often only in limited numbers and capability. The time taken depends on many factors, including the location of the ship, the sea and weather conditions and the availability of ...
... minimums in terms of navigability conditions, safety, hygiene, etc., or maybe because the ship has been involved in some illegal activity. In addition, since 2013, when the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) ...
... the requirement for immersion suits with surface survival times of 24 hours under the worst environmental conditions. A common problem is the incompatibility between clothes or survival suits and lifejackets ...
... in the duties undertaken such as maintenance of sewage systems, providing medical care living conditions on board such as single or multiple accommodation the likely “mix” of persons onboard, that ...
... illness (1). It is a waterborne disease, spread of disease is via inhalation of aerosols. In certain conditions potable water systems (showers), air conditioning, cooling towers, evaporative condensers, ...
... in hygiene practices. Overall, inadequate sanitation practices, low social class, and crowded or high-density living conditions seem to be related to a higher prevalence of H. pylori infection. Recent ...
... to infections and general living conditions. In general, treatment starts when damage to the system has reached a potentially dangerous level. Strict adherence to therapy and close monitoring of side-effects ...
... on “Infection on board ships in the 21st century” it was emphasized that important aspects of risk and intervention are different for infectious diseases in the maritime sector and for similar conditions ...
... recreational facilities, making arrangements for sporting events when ashore. The modification of environmental or working conditions to reduce risks to health, for example, avoidance of exposure to ...
... isolation have significantly changed on board working and living conditions11,13,21,22. As suggested by the ITF Seafarers’ Trust23, fast technological advancement, increased automation, decreased personnel, ...
... from winches or pulleys Injuries due to slips, trips and falls or being struck by moving objects Exposure to stressful environmental conditions when working on deck, for example, heat, cold, strong ...
... is more likely to occur under the following conditions: when the water temperature is > 20°C, when there is blood in the water and in areas where the number of prey is limited. In order to minimize the ...
... and can occur randomly or transiently. There are three types of conditions under which people are exposed to vibration: Vibration transmitted to the whole body in all directions; Vibration via ...
... between several locations to produce each component where the production conditions and costs are most favourable. International trade in these components constitutes an important share of seaborne trade. ...
... programmes widened in scope. The core purpose of the ILO is to ensure that workers have decent working conditions in terms of risk reduction, fair employment practices and the absence of discrimination. ...
... in particular in Article 91.1: “Every State shall fix the conditions for the grant of its nationality to ships, for the registration of ships in its territory, and for the right to fly its flag. Ships ...